Keep in mind that the F.P. service can not be routed thru the building service equipment. It may come off the same outdoor utility xfmr but is routed underground or encased in concrete if routed inside. The F.P. disconnect should be part of a listed S.U.S.E. fire pump controller and the conductors are sized at least 125% of the motor FLA but there is no overload protection just fault protection at about 600% FLA from my recollection. Please study the NFPA stds. mentioned by others for specific details...I am just giving a general overview...and common G.E.C. with building system of course.
Oops...Legally required standby system...I think that there is such a thing as a listed S.U.S.E. F.P. contoller-transfer switch. I recall one a few years ago...